In 1956, Qian submitted a proposal for the development of China's missile program, which was approved in just a few months. In 1955, Qian Xuesen ( 钱学森), the world-class rocketry scientist, returned to China from the United States. After its birth in 1949, the newly founded People's Republic of China were in pursuit of missile technology to build up the nation's defense for the Cold War while most of its industry were destroyed or heavily damaged during the decade-long wars. The space program of China began in the form of missile research since the 1950s. History Early years (1950s to mid-1970s) Qian Xuesen, the forefather of Chinese space program In recent years, China has conducted missions, including Chang'e-3, Chang'e-4, Chang'e-5, Tianwen-1 and Tiangong space station. Major programs include China Manned Space Program, BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, Chinese Lunar Exploration Program, Gaofen Observation and Planetary Exploration of China. China is also one of the three countries, alongside the United States and Russia, with independent human spaceflight capability.Ĭurrently, most of the space activities by China are managed by the China National Space Administration (CNSA) and the People's Liberation Army Strategic Support Force, which directs the astronaut corps and the Chinese Deep Space Network. ![]() Its range of activities have expanded from low Earth orbit to the Moon and Mars. It operates a satellite fleet consisting of a large number of communications, navigation, remote sensing and scientific research satellites. With space launch capability provided by the Long March rocket family and four spaceports ( Jiuquan, Taiyuan, Xichang, Wenchang) within its border, China conducts either the highest or the second highest number of orbital launches each year. Driven by the successes of Soviet Sputnik 1 and American Explorer 1 satellite launches in 19 respectively, China would launch its first satellite, Dong Fang Hong 1 in April 1970 aboard a Long March 1 rocket making it the fifth nation to place a satellite in orbit.Ĭhina has one of the most active space programs in the world. The roots of the Chinese space program trace back to the 1950s, when, with the help of the newly allied Soviet Union, China began development of its first ballistic missile and rocket programs in response to the perceived American (and, later, Soviet) threats. The space program of the People's Republic of China is about the activities in outer space conducted and directed by the People's Republic of China.
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